rokubu pilgrims 02 Aichi

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. rokujuurokubu 六十六部 Rokujurokubu, Rokubu pilgrims .
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rokubu 六部 Rokubu pilgrims 02 - Aichi to Hyogo

. Join the Rokubu Pilgrims on Facebook ! .

This is a pilgrimage to many places of Japan, and many legends are connected to the pilgrims.

六部(ろくぶ) Rokubu pilgrimage, Rokubu pilgrim / / 六十六部衆
Pilgrim traveling with 66 volumes of the Lotus Sutra
sixty-six part circuit pilgrimage

Rokujurokubu Hijiri - kaikoku hijiri 廻国聖 - itinerant Rokubu Pilgrim
六十六部行者 rokujuurokubu gyooja / 六部行者 / rokubu gyoja
六十六部廻国巡礼 rokujurokubu kaikoku junrei

A pilgrim copies the 法華経 Hokekyo Lotus Sutra 66 times and brings a copy each to 66 temples
in 66カ国 66 different domains of Japan.




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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .


................................................................................. Aichi 愛知県　

. ujigami 氏神 clan KAMI deities .
A couple who could not have a child went to the Ujigami shrine to pray and indeed, the wife bore a son.
A Rokubu staying at their home had a dream that night:
The Ujigami had made in known that the child would soon die of a water accident.
When the child grew up and could walk by himself, it was hit outside the home by a tile falling from the roof . . . and died.
And oh wonder, on the tile was the pattern of mitsudomoe 三つ巴, seen as three swirling waves.
These kinds of tiles are often on the roofs as amulets to protect from fire.


. mitsudomoe 三つ巴 family crest .

.......................................................................
知多郡 Chita district 南知多町 Minami-Chita

長田の娘清姫 Osada no Musume Kiyohime
Daughter of 長田忠致 Osada Tadamune (? - 1190) named 清 Kiyo is said to have transformed into a Rokubu and killed all strong enemies.

鎌田政家の妻 - 長田の娘、清姫
知多半島の美浜町にある野間大御堂寺
- reference source : nakanoprint.co.jp/sun... -

.......................................................................
豊田市 Toyota

There is a stone memorial with the inscription, said to be the last words of a Rokubu pilgrim who died on this spot:
「六部どうりん禅定」




................................................................................. Aomori 青森県　
八戸市 Hachinohe

niwatorizuka 鶏塚 rooster mound
Once the wife of a rich merchant was ill and in bed. An itinerant Rokubu told them that under the floor in the Northern direction there was a rooster mound.
The next morning they went there and dug - finding the body of 白雄鶏 a white rooster, almost like alive. The illness had been the curse of the rooster.
Now they could built a sanctuary and pray for its soul.

- - - - -
Before the Meiji period, near a swamp, there lived a Rokubu with his daughter.
One day the daughter took a white rooster in her arms, went into the swamp and died. Since then this was called the
tori numa 鳥沼 "bird swamp".
To our day sometimes the call of the rooster can be heard from the bottom of the swamp.
There is a place called
Torinuma Kuraishi-ishizawa, Gonohe-machi, Sannohe-gun, Aomori / 青森県三戸郡五戸町倉石石沢鳥沼





................................................................................. Chiba 千葉県　
安房郡 Awa district 鋸南町 Kyonan

oni 鬼 demon



On 人骨山 Mount Hitoboneyama (human bones) 218 m, there lived a demon hag (鬼婆 onibaba), who needed a human sacrifice every year from the village.
The whole mountain top was covered with bones of the female victims. To our day there grow very few trees on this mountain, south of 鋸山 Nokogiriyama.
Once an itinerant Rokubu came and tried to help the farmers. A strong dog named ドン太郎 Don Taro came running from the west and finally drove away the demon hag.


source : toki.moo.jp/gaten..gate145..

Old women from nearby villages also tell of a custom to bring the old hags to this mountain, like the famous "Obasuteyama" (オハツセ).
The mountain might also have been a very old graveyard.
Hase 長谷, hatsuse, ohatsuse オハツセ - 「小泊瀬」or「小初瀬」Obasute

. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア - Oni Demons - Table of Contents - .

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流山 Nagareyama town

memorial for Rokubu son 六部尊



流山市加１丁目
This memorial was erected in 1767 when a Rokubu pilgrim died in the village. They erected a stone memorial and a small hall around it, 六部尊堂, promising to worship there regularly.
But over the years all was forgotten and nobody cared for it any more.


But in 1958 a new hall was built and the neighbors begun to worship again. The hall was renewed in 2014.
- reference : wikipedia -








................................................................................. Ehime 愛媛県　
.......................................................................
今治市 Imabari 大西町 Onishi

A family had placed 餅 rice cake offerings for New Year at the grave when a Rokubu passed by. They thought he must be carrying a lot of money, so they killed him and took the money.
But this brought a curse on them and next year and all following years they did not make rice cake offerings. They had to ask other families to provide offerings for them.
And on the 15th day of the New Year they had to make rice cakes and give them to the other families in return.

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西予市 Seiyo 野村町 Nomura

medooshi ya 目通し矢 arrow piercing an eye
Once upon a time, a Rokubu wanted to walk over the pass at 宮成 Miyanari On the roof of one home was a famous archer who shot at the Rokubu. The arrow pierced the eye of the Rokubu and then - oh wonder, turned and flew back to the roof.







................................................................................. Fukushima 福島県　
.......................................................................
東白川郡 Higashi-Shirakawa district 塙町 Hanawa

shironezumi, shiro nezumi 白ネズミ white rat / mouse
Once around 1835, when a man named 銀三郎 Ginsaburo was still young, a Rokubu stayed at his home over night. Next morning the pilgrim left while it was snowing heavily, but soon he disappeared completely. Since then a white mouse begun to live in the home of Ginsaburo. When Ginsaburo got married and moved into the home of his new wife, the mouse came with him.


Rokubu no tatari 六部の祟り curse of the Rokubu
A Rokubu slowly lost his eyesight, became blind and could not go on any more. He stayed at the home of the family where this happened but soon his money was gone.
He went to the field at the back of the home and hit his hands, chanting:
「貧乏んなれ、貧乏んなれ、貧乏んなれ」 (Get used to beeing poor!)
And then he died.
Later a man of the family went to this field to cut weeds, but his horse stumbled and broke its backbone.
This was the curse of the Rokubu.






................................................................................. Gifu 岐阜県　
.......................................................................
大垣市 Ogaki

. hitobashira 人柱 "human pillar" sacrifice .
A legend from Wanouchi Town 輪之内町

In 1585, when 秀吉 Toyotomi Hideyoshi built Ogaki castle, he used an itinerant Rokubu as a human pillar, buried alive.
Her soul was kept there and every night at ushimitsu 丑三 the spooky hour people heard a prayer gong 「チーン、チリン」 chiiiin chirin.


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大野郡 Ogaki 丹生川村 Nyukawa

yama no kaibutsu 山の怪物 monster of the mountain
Every night a strange being appeared at the mountain hut. The forest workers were wondering what to do about it when a Rokubu happened to visit their hamlet.
They found out that a mushroom growing on nearby tree, saru no koshikake 猿の腰掛, had turned into a monster.
It would help if they could douse it in soup where an eggplant had been cooked.
And indeed, when they did this, the strange monster did not show up again.



. Saru no koshikake 猿の腰掛 shelf fungus, polypore
lit. "ape stool" "monkey's chair"

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多治見市 Tajimi

Rokubuzuka 六部塚 Rokubusama 六部様 Rokubu hill (155 m high)


source : .. gifu sakuraweb ... rokubu ...

At 大原岩崎 Ohara Iwasaki is a Rokubuzuka hill, where a Rokubu had been killed.
Once a 馬方 horse leader stayed there over night. The Rokubu appeared in his dream and told him, if you pray to me I will make you very rich.
ANd indeed, the horse leader soon became a rich merchant.

At the top of the hill is a shrine, 伊藤稲荷神社 Ito Inari Jinja.

and nearby is
六十六部地蔵尊 Rokuju Rokubu Jizo Son







................................................................................. Gunma 群馬県　
.......................................................................
勢多郡 Seta district 横野村 Yokono mura

A certain family is now quite rich. This happened because once a Rokubu stayed at their home over night.
They killed him and took away all his money to start a prosperous business.

...................................

Go senzo sama ご先祖様 the ancestors
Once a Rokubu got lost on the way and an old couple took him in for the night. Grandfather said:
"Today is the middle day of higan 彼岸 the equinox celebrations. Our children will certainly come and bring some food and offerings." But nobody came and grandfather went to have a look. When he came back he said:
"I was quite furious, so I took their children and threw tham in the fire!"
The Rokubu thought this was quite strange, but said nothing and went to sleep. When he woke up next morning, he realized he had been sleeping on a family grave.
When he found the village and the home of the family, he heard that one child had been badly burned last night.
This was the punishment for not giving offerings to the ancestors.

.......................................................................
利根郡 Tone district みなかみ町 Minakami

shinin no shakkin tori 死人の借金取り a dead comes to collect the debt
At a certain home in 沼田 Numata the daughter died when she was just 16 years. When the family was discussing the funeral service, the dead girl suddenly got up and tried to open the door. They begun to grapple and all fled in fear. Later they understood:
In the family there had been a Rokubu lending them money, but then he died. The daughter would not go before giving the money back. So they put some money in her hand and then she became quiet, lay down and never moved again.





................................................................................. Hiroshima 広島県　
福山市 Fukuyama 走島町 Hashirijima town (on Hashirijima island)

hebi 蛇 serpent
Once upon a time, a serpent shape-shifted into a young man and begun to visit a certain girl. She eventually got pregnant.
An itinerant Rokubu understood that the child was from a serpent and told them to obeserve the following:
On the seasonal festival in March she should drink 桃酒 peach rice wine and on the seasonal festival in May she should drink 菖蒲酒 rice wine with iris. The girl did as told and when the time came she gave birth to a very long serpent.





................................................................................. Hyogo 兵庫県　
.......................................................................
加東郡 Kato district

kogane 黄金，hakugin 白銀，doosen 銅銭 gold silver and bronze money
Once upon a time there was a family almost extinguished by tuberculosis. Their home was thought to be under a bad spell of monsters.
Then came a Rokubu and stayed there over night all alone.
On the 丑満 spooky hour if the night three monks came along, clad in white, yellow and black robes. They walked around the Rokubu on the floor three times, mumbling strange sutras and spells and then left. The Rokubu followed them secretly and saw them disappear in the horse stable. There he found gold, silver and bronze money burried in the ground.
Some say this Rokubu was 三井家の祖先 the ancestor of the Mitsui family.

. Echigoya 越後屋 Mitsui三井 merchant.

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水上郡 Minakami district (氷上郡 Hikami district)

. hihi 狒々 the monster baboon .

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hebi 蛇，kaeru 蛙 the serpent and the frog
Once a grandfather observed a serpent trying to swallow a frog. He told her:
"I give you one of my three daughters as a wife if you let the frog go!"
So the youngest daughter had to go, but because of the son-in-law being a snake, she got more and more ill.
Just then a Rokubu stayed over night at the home and told them:
"If the son-in-law can climb up to the nest of a sagi 鷺 heron, (and get some eggs for the girl to eat), the girl will be saved."
So he took on his real features of a snake, climbed up a tree and tried to get some eggs from the nest. But there he was caught by the heron and the bird swallowed the snake.
The Rokubu was indeed the frog who had been helped in the past by Grandfather.

A similar story is told in Yamagata about the young man being eaten by
. a tonbi 鳶 black kite .

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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -




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. rokujuurokubu 六十六部 Rokujurokubu, Rokujuroku Bu pilgrim .
- Introduction -

. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .

. Onipedia 日本の鬼 The Demons of Japan .


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rokubu pilgrims Jizo

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. rokujuurokubu 六十六部 Rokujurokubu, 六部 Rokubu Pilgrims .
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rokubu Jizoo 六部地蔵 Rokubu Jizo Bosatsu

. Join the Rokubu Pilgrims on Facebook ! .

This is a pilgrimage to many places of Japan, and many legends are connected to the pilgrims.


sixty-six part circuit pilgrimage
六部(ろくぶ) Rokubu pilgrimage, Rokubu pilgrim / / 六十六部衆
Pilgrim traveling with 66 volumes of the Lotus Sutra

Rokujurokubu Hijiri - kaikoku hijiri 廻国聖 - itinerant Rokubu Pilgrim
六十六部行者 rokujuurokubu gyooja / 六部行者 / rokubu gyoja
六十六部廻国巡礼 rokujurokubu kaikoku junrei

A pilgrim copies the 法華経 Hokekyo Lotus Sutra 66 times and brings a copy each to 66 temples
in 66カ国 66 different domains of Japan.




. Jizō - Jizo Bosatsu 地蔵菩薩 - Introduction .


. 森市地蔵 Moriichi Jizo .
for a Rokubu called Moriichi 森市.
東京都葛飾区奥戸 Tokyo Katsushika Okudo


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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .


................................................................................. Gifu　岐阜県　

. 六十六部地蔵尊 Rokuju Rokubu Jizo Son .
多治見市 Tajimi




................................................................................. Hyogo 兵庫県　
氷上郡 Hikami district

saru 猿 monkey
The daughter of the village elder was choosen as the annual human sacrifice for the hihi 狒々 monster baboon, but a Rokubu saved her.
When he continued his travels, the Rokubu fell to the ground due to the poison of the Baboon. He was in turn saved by an old grandfather and grandmother, who told him to take shelter near the Jizo Bosatsu.
When the son of these elders came home, he killed his parents and said it was the Rokubu who had killed them.
Now the daughter who the Rokubu had saved in the first place realized whan has happened and saved the Rokubu from the punishment of beheading.
Thus is the circle of events.

. hihi 狒々/ 狒狒 / 比々 Hihi Baboon Monster Legends .




................................................................................. Iwate 岩手県　

Just when a Rokubu pilgrim walked over the pass, the woman of the lodging gave birth to a baby. The husband, who had been away to get help, was surprized to find nobody at home when he came back, neither mother nor the baby.
To pray for their peace in the other world, he built a stone statue of Jizo Bosatsu. When the statue by accident rolled down the hill and into the swamp, he had a dream that night and Jizo told him where his wife and the baby were.




................................................................................. Kagoshima 鹿児島県　
曽於郡 Soo district

Rokubu Jizo no bachi 六部地蔵のバチ divine punishment
Once an old villager became very ill, but the cause was not known. When he asked a shaman he told him:
"Bring an offering of salt and clear water to the Rokubu Jizo every day!"
He did so for four, five days and - oh wonder - the man was healed.
People thought since the man had lost his wife in a traffic accident and collected a lot of insurance money to gamble around, this has been his divine punishment.

.......................................................................

Rokubu no junrei no tatari 六部の巡礼のたたり curse of the Rokubu pilgrim
The 渡辺初男家 Watanabe family has a Jizo dating back to around 1855.
They got it to appease a Rokubu pilgrim who had cursed the family.




................................................................................. Kumamoto 熊本県　
上天草市松島町阿村 Kami-Amakusa, Matsuchima, Amura

六部地蔵 Rokubu Jizo
This Jizo helps taking away warts and is also called
ibotori Jizoo イボとり地蔵 Jizo taking away warts
Rokubu Sonja　六部尊者



People use the water offerings to spread them over their skin for healing.
If they get healed, they bring some Tofu as an offering.
reference source : jalan.net/kankou/spt...

. ibotori 疣取り / イボ取り / いぼとり take away warts .

六部尊者堂 Rokubu Sonja Hall






................................................................................. Niigata 新潟県　
加茂市 Kamo

Once upon a time
a Rokubu pilgrim came along and collected a few thousand stones, taking three, four years. Then he made a statue of Jizo Bosatsu of about 4 meters high, and used the small stones to make made a lot of small Jizo statues and left the village. Since the village children came to play with them, eventually the villagers built a lattice fence around it.
Once on a winter day, looking closely, the Jizo was not there any more, and the footsteps of a small child were all over the place. Following the footsteps, they found the Jizo near a clear spring. The villagers were overjoyed with the new water source and called the spring
Jizo Kiyomizu 地蔵清水.
In his honor they built the temple 谷泉寺 Kokusen-Ji near the spring.
新潟県加茂市下土倉778 / 778 Shimotsuchikura, Kamo-shi




................................................................................. Yamagata 山形県　
中津川村 Nakatsugawa village

Once a Rokubu Pilgrim stayed over night. Since he carried some money, the villagers killed him with a hemp cord.
Before he died the pilgrim said "I will extinguish this family and turn it into Roku Jizo."
The family flourished for a short while but then the line was extinguished.

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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. rokujuurokubu 六十六部 Rokujurokubu, Rokujuroku Bu pilgrim .
- Introduction - Rokubu Pilgrims -

. Jizō - Jizo Bosatsu 地蔵菩薩 - Introduction .


. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .

. Onipedia 日本の鬼 The Demons of Japan .


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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - #rokujuroku #rokubujizo #jizorokubu -
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rokubu pilgrims Miyagi

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. rokujuurokubu 六十六部 Rokujurokubu, 六部 Rokubu Pilgrims .
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. Join the Rokubu Pilgrims on Facebook ! .

This is a pilgrimage to many places of Japan, and many legends are connected to the pilgrims.

sixty-six part circuit pilgrimage
六部(ろくぶ) Rokubu pilgrimage, Rokubu pilgrim / / 六十六部衆
Pilgrim traveling with 66 volumes of the Lotus Sutra

Rokujurokubu Hijiri - kaikoku hijiri 廻国聖 - itinerant Rokubu Pilgrim
六十六部行者 rokujuurokubu gyooja / 六部行者 / rokubu gyoja
六十六部廻国巡礼 rokujurokubu kaikoku junrei

A pilgrim copies the 法華経 Hokekyo Lotus Sutra 66 times and brings a copy each to 66 temples
in 66カ国 66 different domains of Japan.



:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .


................................................................................. Miyagi 宮城県　

kamisama 神様 Deity
A family prayed for a child to get rid of the possession of お稲荷さん an Inari fox. She was possessed by a deity of
the sacred mountains of 出羽三山 Dewa sansan, who had come in the form of a Rokubu.
It was the ancestor in the fourth generation of a priest from this Sacred Mountain.
Maybe the family had killed the Rokubu from Dewa to get his money ?

. Dewa sansan 出羽三山 Three sacred mountains of Dewa .


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気仙沼市 Kesennuma

onbyoo ootenba 怨猫大天婆 / オンビョウオオテンバ Oten-Ba, the monster cat Daiten Baba


- artwork by Forest INK -

The grandmother of 儀八郎 Gihachiro used to be a quiet old lady. But suddenly she begun to like chicken and fish and all kinds of raw food. She sometimes danced around in the kitchen, almost like a cat. And chicken from the neighbourhood begun to disappear as bad rumors started in the village.
One day a Rokubu came walking along the Hama Kaido highway 浜街道 in the evening when he had the feeling something huge was attacking his head. He hit it with his walking stick, but then the monster disappeared. The Rokubu finally reached the home of Gihachiro and asked to stay over night. First they refused him, because there was a sudden ill person in the family. But eventually he could stay. When the Rokubu peeked in the room of the ill person, he saw a huge old cat.
The next morning the Rokubu told Gihachiro what he had seen. The following night both watched the room of the old ill mother and realized she was a monster cat !
This was an old cat that had lived at the 松崎の猫渕 Nekobuchi Cat riverpool at Matsuzaki, where someone had buried its bones.
Gihachiro gave some money to the Rokubu so he could erect 観音像 a statue of Kannon Bosatsu.
This story is handed down in the family of Gihachiro to our day.

daitenbaa 大天婆（だいてんばばあ）Daiten Ba, Daiten Baba, Old Cat Yokai


source : twitter, yokai karte


. bakeneko 化け猫 / 化猫 "monster cat" Yokai .

. 街道と伝説 Legends about the old Kaido highways .


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栗原郡 Kurihara district 栗駒町 Kurikoma machi

tatari 祟り the curse
The old family of 上久保 Kamikubo. One day black smoke came out of their estate and the neighbours came running, wondering what had happened.
They were told nothing happened, but this kept repeating many times. Sometimes it even rained stones.
This is the curse of a Rokubu who had been killed by the family.
Their home was soon called Kamikubo no bakemono yashiki 上久保の化け物屋敷 the monster home of the Kamikubo family.

bakemono yashiki 化物屋鋪 / 化け物屋鋪 haunted home, home with monsters

Katsushika Hokusai 葛飾北斎

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本吉町 Motoyoshi town

tatari 祟り the curse
Rokubu usually do not walk alone, because they carry money. Once two of them stayed at farm houses and helped with the harvest for some time. One morning one Rokubu woke up to find the other one gone. He was told his companion had left quite early. He could not believe it. Putting some oil in the water pot he looked at the surface and saw his companion had been killed and was in the other world. He found the bell of his companion in the ashes of the hearth.
So he cursed the family and went on.


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柴田郡 Shibata district 村田町 Murata

rokubu no onryoo 六部の怨霊 the vengeful spirit of a Rokubu
Once around 1645, a Rokubu stayed at a home, but was robbed of his money and killed. A few years later the comrade of this Rokubu came visiting and asked about his whereabouts. But the landlord told him he knew of nothing. But in the ashes of the kitchen stove they found the metal pieces of a Rokubu pilgrim's hat.
The dead Rokubu and his companion both cursed the family and there was misfortune for many years to come.
Their estate was soon known as yuurei yashiki 幽霊屋敷 or bakemono yashiki 化物屋敷, the estate of the ghost.


source : town-murata.com/2010/08... 六部伝説


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多賀城市 Tagajo

tatari 祟り the curse
There is a stone memorial with the inscription shooninzuka 上人塚 Mount of a Holy Man, dedicated to
善海上人 Saint Zenkai Shonin.
The story dates back more than 350 years. A wild and powerful clan was governing this region. One day a subordinate had captured a Rokubu. The leader did not even listen to the story of the Rokubu and killed him immediately, burying his bones in a corner of the estate. From that time on, black clouds came hovering over the house, and fire and other disasters hit the family until they were all gone. After that the owner of the land had changed various times, but all had misfortune or died soon.
Now there is the memorial stone for Saint Zenkai and a statue of 不動尊 Fudo Myo-O. And the fields in front of it are called
shoonin-da, shoonin ta 上人田 fields of the saint.
But people do not dare to get near to it.




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遠田郡 Toda district 涌谷町 Wakuya

jinushi no nai tochi 地主のない土地 land without an owner
In the village was a piece of land which was cursed and they knew anyone who wanted to own it would die.
The former owner had taken in an ill Rokubu, killed him, took all his money and buried the dead body in a corner of the estate. The vengeful spirit of the Rokubu came out and cursed and owner of this land. Eventually the villagers built a grave for the Rokubu and appeased his soul.
But nobody wants to own the land.


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- reference : Nichibun Yokai Database -

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. rokujuurokubu 六十六部 Rokujurokubu, Rokubu Pilgrims .
- Introduction -

. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .

. Onipedia 日本の鬼 The Demons of Japan .


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Rokubu goroshi killing

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. 六十六部 Rokujurokubu, 六部 Rokubu Pilgrims .
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rokubu-goroshi 六部殺し killing a Rokubu, murder of a Rokubu

六部殺し伝説 Rokubu goroshi densetsu - comes with more than 11,000 results googeling !

Working on the Rokubu legends, I found two patterns that are told quite often:
One is of a family having a Rokubu pilgrim staying over night, only to kill him and get his money - and then suffer some kind of curse for generations.
The other type of legend
tells of families which have a problem and ask an itinerant Rokubu, almost like a Shaman, for explanation, understanding and help.


- source - wikipedia
模文画今怪談 - Momonga Kokaidan
鳥文斎栄之 Chōbunsai Eishi - 六部殺しの怪談

This basic story comes in various forms.

A farmer's family let a Rokubu stay over night and cooked a good meal for him, but when they saw the money in his backpack, they decided to kill him and get his money.
They used the money to start a prosperous business.
A child later born to the family was the re-incarnation of this Rokubu - but the child could not speak. One night the child seemed to need to go to the toilet, so father went with him to the outhouse. It was a moonlit night (a dark night, a rainy night . . . variations) - anyway the same weather as the night when they had killed the Rokubu.
Suddenly the child opened his mouth and talked!
"It was a night just like this when you killed me! I remember well!"
And in one second the face changed into that of the Rokubu.

The end of the story varies again, with the father falling dead on the spot, the riches of the family being lost and they get very poor again . . .

- variations -


source : onboumaru.com/008-mouhanbun... Rakugo story - one half more

もう半分 'Mou Hanbun'. moo hanbun - a Rakugo story
落語の演目『もう半分』は、舞台を都市部に移した形で、六部殺しと似た流れになっている。夫婦で営む江戸の居酒屋に、老爺の客がやって来た。老爺は半杯ずつ注文してちびちびと飲み、金包みを置き忘れて帰って行った。夫婦が中を確かめると、貧しい身なりに不釣合いな大金が入っている。しばらくすると老爺が慌てて引き返し、娘を売って作った大事な金だから返してくれと泣きついた。しかし、夫婦は知らぬ存ぜぬを通して追い出した。老爺は川へ身投げして死んだ。その後、奪った金を元手に店は繁盛し、夫婦には子供も生まれた。だが、子供は生まれながらに老爺のような不気味な顔で、しかも何かに怯えたように乳母が次々と辞めていく。不審に思った亭主が確かめると、子供は夜中に起き出して行灯の油を舐めている。「おのれ迷ったか！」と亭主が声を掛けると、子供は振り返って油皿を差し出し「もう半分」。

夢十夜 Ten nights of dreams - Essay by Natsume Soseki
「こんな夢を見た」で始まる 夏目漱石の散文『夢十夜』の第三夜にも、六部殺しの民話の影響がうかがえる。夢の中で自分の子をおぶって暗い田圃道を歩いており、子供は盲目なのに周囲の状況をよく分かっていて、大人びた口調で話している。歩を進めるごとに思い出してはならない何かを思い出すような気がし、「ちょうどこんな晩だったな」という子供の独り言を不気味に思う。やがて山の一本杉の前に着き、「ここで御前がおれを殺したのは今からちょうど百年前だね」と背中の子供が言った。過去の殺人を自覚したとたん、背中の子供が急に石地蔵のように重くなった。

持田の百姓 Mochida no Hyakusho
殺した相手が金品を持った大人ではなく、幼子の間引きだというパターンも存在する。Koizumi Yagumo 小泉八雲の『知られぬ日本の面影』に出てくる「持田の百姓」では、出雲の貧しい百姓が産まれた子供を6人まで次々と川へ捨て、その間にようやく少し余裕のある暮らしが出来るようになる。そうして7人目の男児は跡取りとして育てることにし、溺愛した。ところがある日、月夜の庭へ散歩に出ると、抱いた乳呑み児の我が子が「わしを最後に捨てた夜もこんな月夜だったね」と口を利き、またすぐに普通の赤子に戻った。百姓は出家した。
Once there lived in the Izumo village called Mochidanoura a peasant who was so poor that he was afraid to have children.
- Read this story online -

都市伝説
持田の百姓のパターンがさらにアレンジされたものに、現代風の都市伝説がある。低所得の若いカップルに子供が生まれ（夫婦の初子が奇形児だったとするものもある）、フェリーに乗った際、水に落として殺した。その後また子供が生まれ、今度は溺愛した。その子を連れてフェリーに乗っていた時、急におしっこがしたいと言い出す。仕方なく抱きかかえて体を手すりの外に出すと、振り返って「今度は落とさないでね」と1人目の顔で言った。

- - - - - 民俗学的分析 - - - - -
In times without television or daily newspapers, in all parts of Japan, itinerant Rokubu and other pilgrims were welcome to bring news from the parts they had just been. They were called
異人（まれびと）Marebito and treated well, bringing good luck and fortune to a village - usually.
Sometimes they got killed and their stories are まれびと殺し marebito koroshi.
marebito - 稀人 / 客人

In some parts where the family did not have a child, it was possible to offer the woman of the house as maroodo-kon「客人(まろうど)婚」"wedding a traveler", a "bride for one night" to an itinerant priest, and a child born out of this "marriage" might later remember what happened to his father.

集落の外からやって来る旅人は異人（まれびと）であり、閉鎖的な農村への来訪者はしばしば新しい情報・未知の技術・珍しい物品をもたらす媒介者であった。福をもたらす存在として客人を歓待し、客人が去った後に繁栄を得る「まれびと信仰」に根ざした民話は、古くから各地に存在する。一方で、円満に珍品を譲り受けるケースばかりでなく、客人とトラブルを起こし、強引に奪い取って繁栄を達成したケースもある。六部殺しは、こうした「まれびと殺し」の類型に属す。
あるいは、
村内の一つの家が急に繁盛してきた場合、ムラ社会の嫉みにより「あれだけ儲かるには何かあくどい手段をとったに違いない」といった周囲からのいわれのない中傷を招き、直前の平常とは違った出来事（「そういえばあの家に旅人が泊まった」「旅人がその後どこへ行ったのか誰も知らない」）と結び付けて、まれびと殺し譚が出来上がることもあり得る。
さらに、
江戸時代には実際に、旅人を装って他人の家に入り泥棒を働いたり、道連れとして他の旅人に声を掛け仲間のいる宿へ誘導して金品を脅し取るなど、種々の形態での胡麻の蠅（護摩の灰）も横行し、素性の知れない他人と一緒に家で寝泊りすることへの潜在的な警戒感も背景にあった。

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- quote -
六部殺し」はその巡礼者が殺される話


（ノートルダム清心女子大学蔵『日本回国勧懲記』より）

A story from Niigata about a Sake producer in the town of 大佐渡 Osado, Niigata.

ここにはかつて、大佐渡一といわれる造り酒屋がありました。土地を流れる水が佐渡一の名水であったという好条件に加え、３代目に酒造りの名人が出たということで、その繁栄ぶりは「酒屋の米が浜に山なす」と歌われるほどだったといいます。
幕末の頃、この酒屋に、器量がよく、頭もよい一人娘がありました。ある年、村氏神の奉納相撲に、たいへん強く、また男振りのよい相撲取りがやってきます。娘はこの相撲取りに惚れてしまい、一緒になることを切望しました。周囲も折れ、酒屋は男を一人娘に聟として迎えます。このことは酒屋が相撲取りを聟にとったと評判になりました。ところが、この男が、呑む、打つ、買うの三拍子そろった食わせ者でした。親族一同は、このままではカマドを潰されてしまうと危惧し、ムコトリアネ(家督を嗣いだ長女をこう呼びます)が嫌がるところを、無理矢理、男を家から追い出してしまったのです。 ...
- reference source : 小嶋博巳 -

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風流三国志』〈六部殺し〉 reading Rokubu-goroshi" in Furyu-sangokushi
- source : Japanese Literature - J-Stage -

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. rokujuurokubu 六十六部 Rokujurokubu, Rokujuroku Bu pilgrims .
- Introduction - 六部 Rokubu Pilgrims -


. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .

. Onipedia 日本の鬼 The Demons of Japan .


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- - #rokubugoroshi -
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rokujurokubu rokubu pilgrimage

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. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .
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rokubu 六部 Rokubu Pilgrim
rokujuurokubu 六十六部 Rokujurokubu, Rokujuroku Bu
- sixty-six part circuit pilgrimage
六部(ろくぶ) Rokubu pilgrimage, Rokubu pilgrim / / 六十六部衆
Pilgrim traveling with 66 volumes of the Lotus Sutra

Rokujurokubu Hijiri - kaikoku hijiri 廻国聖 - itinerant Rokubu Pilgrim
六十六部行者 rokujuurokubu gyooja / 六部行者 / rokubu gyoja
六十六部廻国巡礼 rokujurokubu kaikoku junrei
六部尊 Rokubu Son, 六部尊者 Rokubu Sonja, Venerable Rokubu

The Rokujurokubu pilgrimage started a long time ago, already mentioned in the 太平記 Taiheiki history written in the 14th century.
There are various ways to do it.
A pilgrim copies the 法華経 Hokekyo Lotus Sutra 66 times and brings a copy each to 66 temples in 66カ国 66 different domains of Japan.
Others carried 66 copies to just one domain of Japan. There were no special temples to deposit the Sutra.
The backpack for the Sutras and statues was called gan 龕 "alcove".

They wore white pilgrim's robes and tekko 手甲 gloves covering for the back of the hand and wrist.
Some wore normal robes and a Rokubu hat, others looked more like 山伏 Yamabushi mountain priests.
The pilgrims were thought to possess special powers and were also called 箱根法師 Hakone Hoshi or 箱根権現の僧 Hakone Gongen no So.
Some were considered as semi-religious itinerant beggars who frequented the highways of Edo Japan.

The motives for the pilgrimage were manifold, often praying for a favor to the deities, healing of disease for themselves or family members, praying for guidance of a dead loved one to go up to the Buddhist paradise.
Most pilgrims remained anonymous, but some became famous on the way and had special halls erected.
They stayed at the homes of villagers on the way, exchanging the latest news for a meal, and if they could not find a free lodging they stayed in caves, under a tree or even in a graveyard.

Many begging pilgrims died somewhere on their long road and were buried by the local people. Many erected a small shrine or memorial stone for the dead.
Some pilgrims promised to heal certain illnesses after their death, if the villagers built a sanctuary for them and venerated there.

Other itinerant priests promised to restore fertility to barren women.
. Rokubu and 客人(まろうど)婚 a "wedding for one night" .



During the Edo period the pilgrim could also carry a wooden backpack with a Buddha statue, walk to 66 temples while hitting a kane 鉦 prayer bell and ask for offerings.
Pilgrimages were quite popular during this time as a means to get out of Edo and get a permission to travel freely around the country.
The Rokubu pilgrims were just as popular as the Henro pilgrims in Shikoku.

Some Rokubu pilgrims just walked the 西国巡礼 Saikoku Kannon Pilgrimage to 33 temples twice or went to the 国分寺 Kokubun-Ji domaine temples or 一宮 Ichinomiya domaine Shrines.

. Hokke-kyoo　法華経 Hokekyo, Lotus Sutra, Saddharma-pundariika-suutra .
- Introduction -

Rokujurokubu engi 六十六部縁起 The "Record of the origin of the sixty-six part circuit"
a Muromachi period document,

日本廻国六十六部と四国遍路
Nihon Kaikoku Rokujurokubu and Shikoku Henro : Two Kinds of Japan's Pilgrimages




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rokubu-gasa 六部笠 special straw hat for a Rokubu pilgrim
Made of dried igusa イ草 reeds (the same as used for Tatami mats).
The hat is nine inches deep and two feet wide and is laquered black. sometimes with a center top and lower edge laquered chocolate brown. ... this deep hat conceals the face, so it can be worn for the same purpose as the tengai. The Rokubugasa has been adapted for stage wear by all classes.
- - - Kabuki Costume - By Ruth M. Shaver:
- reference source : google books -


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All kinds of Pilgrims in the Edo period






Life in Edo, a scroll named 煕代勝覧 Kidai Shoran
depicting a busy Edo road extending from Nihonbashi to Kanda Imagawabashi.
- Look at the whole scroll here:
source : livedoor.jp/shunputei_shocho/archives...

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- - - - - Rokubu and Kabuki - - - -


source : Boston Museum of Fine Arts

初代市川門之助の六十六部 Actor Ichikawa Monnosuke I as a Rokubu Pilgrim



source : Boston Museum of Fine Arts

二代目市川団十郎の六部 Actor Ichikawa Danjûrô II as a Rokubu Pilgrim

other images include
Actor Nakamura Nakazo as a rokuju-rokubu
Actor Matsumoto Kôshirô as Rokubu Pilgrim



source : creyon-nurie.com/kabuki-noh...

国貞の歌舞伎十八番の六部の画像 Painting by Kunisada

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- 落語「花見の仇討ち」Rakugo and Rokubu - (tba)
... 　仇の浪人一人に巡礼兄弟の仇討ち、それを止める六部の役どころ。 ...

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The misfortunes befalling Rokubu and pilgrims
Including various legends about the Rokubu.
- Pilgrimages and Spiritual Quests in Japan - edited by Peter Ackermann, Dolores Martinez, Maria Rodriguez del Alisal
- reference source : google books -


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- quote -
「六十六部」とは何か - ー 徳島県立博物館 Tokushima Museum
- source : museum.tokushima-ec.ed.jp... -


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- - - - - Table of Contents - - - - -

. rokubu-goroshi 六部殺し killing a Rokubu .

. rokubu Jizoo 六部地蔵 Rokubu and Jizo Bosatsu - Legends .

. Memorial monuments for the Rokubu pilgrims 六部 .

. Rokubu Pilgrims - Photo Gallery .

. Rokubu Pilgrims known by their names .


. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .



Working on the Rokubu legends, I found two patterns that are told quite often:
One is of a family having a Rokubu pilgrim staying over night, only to kill him and get his money - and then suffer some kind of curse for generations.
Just the opposite happens when a Rokubu tries to steal a golden statue from a temple . . . then he gets into eternal trouble.

The other type of legend
tells of families which have a problem and ask an itinerant Rokubu, almost like a Shaman, for explanation, understanding and help.

..............................................................................................................................................

. Rokubu Legends from Aichi to Hyogo .

Aichi 愛知県　 -- Aomori 青森県　-- Chiba 千葉県　-- Ehime 愛媛県
Fukushima 福島県　-- Gifu 岐阜県 -- Gunma 群馬県　
Hiroshima 広島県　-- Hyogo 兵庫県　

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. Rokubu Legends from Ibaraki to Kyoto .

Ibaraki 茨城県 -- Iwate 岩手県　-- Kagoshima 鹿児島県　
Kochi 高知県　--Kumamoto 熊本県 -- Kyoto 京都府

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. Rokubu Legends from Miyagi 宮城県 .

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. Rokubu Legends from Miyazaki to Nara .

Miyazaki 宮崎県 -- Nagano 長野県 -- Nara　奈良県

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. Rokubu Legends from Oita to Yamanashi .

Oita 大分県 -- Okayama 岡山県 -- Osaka 大阪府
Shiga 滋賀県　-- Shimane 島根県　-- Shizuoka 静岡県
Tochigi 栃木県　-- Tokushima 徳島県　-- Tokyo 東京都 -- Toyama 富山県　
Yamagata 山形県 -- Yamanashi 山梨県　

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. Join the Rokubu Pilgrims on Facebook ! .



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. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .

. Onipedia 日本の鬼 The Demons of Japan .


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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - #rokujurokubu #rokubu #kaikoku #rokubulegends #legendsrokubu -
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Rokubu Pilgrims Photos

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. 六十六部 Rokujurokubu, 六部 Rokubu Pilgrims .
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六部 Rokubu Pilgrims - Photo Gallery 

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Rokubu priest, 1867, carrying his portable altar
Photo by Felice Beato, around 1668

. Beato Felice Beato / Felix Beato .
(1832 – 1909)


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source : pinterest - huffingtonpost


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source : ginjo.fc2web.com/018hanaminoadauti...
明治中期　バックの橋は日光・神橋


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. 六十六部 Rokujurokubu, 六部 Rokubu Pilgrims .


. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .


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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- - #rokubuphotos #beato -
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Korinji Kanazawa

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Koorinji 香林寺 Korin-Ji, Kanazawa, Ishikawa


石川県金沢市野町1-3-15 / 1-3-15 Nomachi, Kanazawa-shi, Ishikawa

- quote
Erected by Aoki Gohei, one of the chief retainers of the Maeda clan in 1650, the Korin-ji Temple is the top spiritual power spot in Japan where devotees go to pray for love and marriage. To pray at Korin-ji, start by walking three times around the “Road of Happiness” inside the temple’s garden. After that, touch your Chinese zodiac sign image, followed by praying at the statue of Fudo deity. It is believed that you will be blessed with fair beautiful skin if you touch the deity!

Besides seeking spiritual power at Korin-ji, you will be able to immerse yourself in the pretty sight of flowers here too. Don’t miss the chance for a best view of the lovely cherry blossoms around late March to early April here. From late April to early May, bright crimson-coloured Kirishima azalea flowers in bloom delight visitors while beautiful white amaryllis flowers fill the temple grounds around late September to early October.
- source : trip101.com/article/kanazawa-japan...





- - - - -幸福御守 Amulet for good luck and happiness

You buy a tasuki 襷 cord to hold up the sleeves of a kimono, for making a wish.
Write your wish on the Tasuki and hang it around the Zodiac animal of your birthday. The 12 stone statues in the temple garden are waiting to accept the wishes and colorful Tasuki.











CLICK for more photos !


. 12 Zociac animals 干支　 eto, kanshi - Introduction .
. ne 子 (nezumi 鼠) Rat (mouse)
. ushi 丑 Ox (cow, bull) .
. tora 寅 Tiger .
. u (usagi) 卯 Rabbit .
. tatsu 辰 Dragon .
. mi (hebi) 巳 Snake, Serpent .
. uma 午 Horse .
. mi (hitsuji) 未 Ram (sheep) .
. saru 申 Monkey .
. tori 酉 Rooster (chicken, cock) .
. inu 戌 Dog .
. i (inoshishi) 亥 Boar (wild boar) .

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. shusse Daruma 出世だるま career with Daruma,.


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- HP of the temple
- reference source : http://www.kourinji.jp/ -


- reference : kanazawa korinji temple -

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. Japan - Shrines and Temples - Index .


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Kegon Buddhism

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Kegon-shū 華厳宗 Kegon Sect Buddhism

- quote
Kegon (華厳宗) is the Japanese transmission of the Huayan school of Chinese Buddhism.
Huayan studies were founded in Japan in 736 when the scholar-priest Rōben (良辯 or 良弁), originally a monk of the East Asian Yogācāra tradition, invited Shinshō (traditional Chinese: 審祥; ; pinyin: Shenxiang; Japanese pronunciation: Shinjō; Korean: Simsang) to give lectures on the Avatamsaka Sutra at Kinshōsen Temple (金鐘山寺, also 金鐘寺 Konshu-ji or Kinshō-ji), the origin of later Tōdai-ji.
When the construction of the Tōdai-ji was completed, Rōben entered that temple to formally initiate Kegon as a field of study in Buddhism in Japan, and Kegon-shū would become known as one of the Nanto Rikushū (南都六宗) or Six Buddhist Sects of Nanto). Rōben's disciple Jitchū continued administration of Tōdai-ji and expanded its prestige through the introduction of imported rituals.
Kegon thought would later be popularized by Myōe (明惠), who combined its doctrines with those of Vajrayana and Gyōnen (凝然), and is most responsible for the establishment of the Tōdai-ji lineage of Kegon. Over time, Kegon incorporated esoteric ritual from Shingon Buddhism, with which it shared a cordial relationship. Its practice continues to this day, and includes a few temples overseas.
- source : wikipedia



. Toodaiji 東大寺 Todai-Ji - Nara .
and Priest 良弁僧正　Roben Sojo　(689 - 773)
The temple is famous for its Kegon-E 華厳会 Kegon Rituals.

. Saint Myoe Shonin 明恵上人 (1173 - 1232) .
and temple 高山寺 Kozan-Ji

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- - - - - There are various temples named Kegon-Ji in Japan.

. Kegonji 華厳寺 temple Kegon-Ji .
岐阜県揖斐郡揖斐川町谷汲徳積 Tanigumi Hozumi, Ibigawa, Gifu


. Suzumushidera 鈴虫寺 / 妙徳山 Myotokuzan Kegon-Ji .
京都府京都市西京区松室地家町31 Kyoto

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Kegon Engi-E　華厳縁起絵 Picture Scroll of the Kegon sect

- quote -
Here is a painting of a large boat moving across a stormy sea on top the back of a fierce dragon. Can you believe that such a dynamic work was painted in Japan more than 750 years ago? This fantastic sight may seem amazing and mysterious, but perhaps you may be more surprised to learn that this dragon is actually the transformation of a beautiful woman named Shanmiao (J., Zenmyo).


Legends of the Kegon Sect, Scroll Three : (Kozan-ji)

Shanmiao was the daughter of a rich man, who lived in a port town in China during the Tang dynasty (618-907). She fell in love with a handsome Korean monk from Silla, Uisang (J., Gisho), who was studying Buddhism in China. One day, while begging for alms, Uisang happened to visit Shanmiao's house, where she confessed her love to him. Uisang tried to dissuade her: "I am a monk so I cannot accept your feelings for me. Please open your heart and transfer those feelings to support the Buddhist teachings instead."

Eventually, Uisang completed his studies and was about to return to Korea. Shanmiao, learning of this, gathered all the Buddhist utensils that she had been collecting and rushed to the harbor, but it was too late. The ship had already set sail into the distance. Seeing this, the distressed Shanmiao threw her Buddhist utensil box in the direction of the ship and jumped into the sea. She then miraculously transformed into a dragon and protected Uisang on his voyage home.

This painting comes from Legends of the Kegon Sect (also known as Illustrated Biographies of the Kegon Sect Patriarchs), in seven volumes, which tells of the patriarchs of the Buddhist Hwaeom (J., Kegon) sect in Korea, Uisang (625-702) and Weonhyo (J., Gangyo, 617-686), based on their entries in a Chinese collection of biographies on early eminent Buddhist priests. This set of illustrated handscrolls belongs to Kozan-ji, a temple renowned for its beautiful autumn leaves in Toganoo, located in northwest Kyoto, Japan. Kozan-ji was revived, at the beginning of the Kamakura period (1185-1333), as a training center for the Kegon sect in Japan by the influential monk Myoe (1173-1232), who is thought to have initiated the making of these handscrolls.

The long, continuous narrative style of emaki, or illustrated handscroll, effectively draws its viewers into the story. Here, too, this scene-the climax of Uisang's tale-develops rhythmically from Shanmiao grieving over Uisang's departure, casting her Buddhist utensil box into the sea, then plunging herself into the waves and transforming into the dragon. A heightened sense of anticipation gradually develops for the viewer.

This illustrated biography, which highlights the episode of Shanmiao's devotion to Uisang, perhaps reflects Myoe's admiration for Uisang and his wanting to become like the great Korean master with whom he shared similar spiritual views. Uisang's accomplishment of studying in China, which was Myoe's long, unfulfilled wish, and Uisang's gaining a female Buddhist adherent in China, appears to have left a strong impression on Myoe, who worshipped Shanmiao like a deity and held firm to be loyal like her. Uisang's biography explains the meaning of Shanmiao's miracle and is thought to been produced in order to reveal Myoe's feelings.

By the way, who do you think was Myoe's model for Shanmiao? In the first year of the Jokyu era (1221), after the shogun Minamoto no Sanetomo was assassinated and the Kamakura government experienced turmoil, the Retired Emperor Gotoba raised an army to overthrow the government. However, the government forces quickly brought down this revolt. This political struggle, known in Japanese history as the Jokyu Rebellion, led to the deaths of many courtiers in Kyoto, and during this time, many court women asked Myoe for help. Shanmiao may have represented these women to Myoe, and so he had them become nuns and built a temple named Zenmyo-ji (Shanmiao Temple), in which they could live. He may have also taught these women about Shanmiao's tale and converted them to the Kegon faith. We can imagine that these women, who lost their husbands in war, seeing this story, may have sympathized with Shanmiao and, through Myoe, devoted themselves to Buddhism.
- source : Kyoto National Museum - Junji Wakasugi, 1997-



華厳宗祖師絵伝 (華厳縁起)
小松茂美 Komatsu Shigemi (1925 - 2010)
Illustrated Legends of the Kegon Patriarchs

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- A scene from the scroll:

Two traveling monks were sleeping in a cave, not realizing this was in fact a grave.
The first night nothing happened, but on the second night, an Oni demon appeared in their dreams and attacked them.
(Dead human beings can turn into an Oni if they have left problems in this world that need to be solved.)


洞窟の中で鬼に襲われる夢を見る


. Onipedia - 鬼ペディア　- Oni Demons - ABC-List - Index - .

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. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .

During the Kegon-E 華厳会 Kegon ritual of painting eyes for the statue of the Great Buddha at the temple 東大寺 Todai-Ji an old man passing by, who had carried a bamboo basket with saba 鯖 mackerels was summoned to read the Kegon Sutra....
... The mackerels turned into 80 volumes of the 華厳経 Kegon Sutra....

- - - - - Read the full story here :
. saba no ki 鯖の木 the mackerel tree .


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