Okubo-Ji Shikoku

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Ookuboji　大窪寺　Okubo-Ji
香川県さぬき市多和字兼割96

Visiting in 2002, with a bit of "Daruma Hunting".

This is the very last one of the 88 henro pilgrim temples in Shikoku. Pilgrims come here with a full heart, leaving their walking stick kongō-zue as a sign of gratitude to Kobo Daishi, who has walked with them and protected them on the long pilgrimage.





The temple bell and little pilgrim's bells have even been selected as one of the 100 Soundscapes of Japan by the Ministry of the Environment.




Okubo-Ji is located at the foot of two high mountains, symbolizing the two important Mandalas of Esoteric Buddhism.
Mount Nantai is 776 meters high.

The main deity is Yakushi Nyorai 薬師如来, Buddha of healing.

The sacred mantra is
おん ころころ せんだり まとうぎ そわか on korokoro sendari matoogi sowaka

The pilgrim's song is
諸病なかれと願いつつ まいれる人は大窪の寺

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The compounds are huge, with many interesting buildings and other monuments, and a huge Gingko-Tree shadowing it all.





Even the komainu guardian dog is enjoying the cherry blossoms.


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Since it is the last temple of the pilgrimage, you put the walking stick, which is an incarnation of Kooboo Daishi himself, at a special place to rest there.




People also offer small statues of Kobo Daishi to express their thanks.







. Kobo Daishi, Kukai 弘法大師　空海 .


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. 不動明王 Fudo Myo-O, Acala .




The Five Great Wisdom Kings, Godai Myo-O - 五大明王

. The Five Great Elements of the Universe - 地水火風空の五大 .

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The view down the steep valley to the pink cherry blossoms was just breathtaking. On the stone stairway up to the temple was a simple little stone statue of a Hime Daruma (Daruma as a Princess) - at least that is what the statue looked to me.




. My Photo Album - Takamatsu 2002 .



Okubo-Ji -
this pilgrim bows
in gratitude


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Since Temple 88 is the last, it signifies your wish has been granted, your vow fulfilled
結願 kechigan, ketsugan .



And on the body of this wooden Daruma is a large sign saying: Kechigan Daruma!
So here again we find a natural combination of Kobo Daishi and Daruma Daishi on the Shikoku Pilgrimage.
These impressive Darumas are made by Mr. Fujii Hiroyuki, Samukawa-Choo Ishida-Nishi 2585-2. 藤井博行　寒川町石田西2585‐2 .The kind lady at the store even checked the telephonebook, but Mr. Fujii was not listed.

. Daruma Hunting in Takamatsu, April 2002 .


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- Two short Haiku Henro Trips, Summer 2005


Henro Pilgrims in Shikoku
. Temple 88 Ookuboji　大窪寺　Okubo-Ji .

. 四国お遍路さん Pilgrims in Shikoku . - General Information

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. Japan - Shrines and Temples - ABC .


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Engyo-Ji Mount Shosha

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Engyooji 圓教寺 / 円教寺 Engyo-Ji and Shoshazan 書写山 Mount Shosha

兵庫県姫路市書写２９６８, Hyogo, Himeji
Kansai Kannon Pilgrimage No.27.

Saikoku (Saigoku) Sanjūsan Kannon Reijō - 西国三十三観音霊場
- source : Mark Schumacher



source :　www.city.himeji.lg.jp
CLICK for more photos !


- quote
While seeking a new spiritual place, Shoku 性空上人, a holy Buddhist priest, founded the Engyoji Temple on Mt. Shosha in the early Heian Period (10th century). This temple is one of the three most important training centers of the Tendai sect, and is called the Mt. Hiei of The West.

Kannon Statue

From the ropeway terminal you can walk up the pathway while flanked by Kannon statues of 33 pilgrimage sites. The clear and solemn atmosphere is physically and spiritually refreshing.

Juryoin 寿量院
Juryoin has the highest rank among the sub-temples, and records show the former Emperor Goshirakawa visited there. Its outer appearance is built in the traditional Shinnden style, but the inside was designed in the Shoin style. You can enjoy a “Shojin Dinner” with Shosha lacquer ware by appointment.

Maniden 摩尼殿
The magnificient structure of Maniden, standing halfway up the rocky cliff, reminds visitors of the Kiyomizu Temple in Kyoto.

- Mitsunodo - Mitsu no Do (Three Halls) 三つの堂 :
Daikodo 大講堂
Jikido 食堂
Jogyodo 常行堂

Honda Family Graves 本多家の廟所

Kaizando 開山堂

Shoku, founder of Engyoji Temple, is worshiped at “Kaizando”. Formally there were Sumo wrestlers, carved by Jingoro Hidari, sustaining the roof at the four corners. But it is said that the wrestler at the northwest corner ran away, incapable of sustaining the weight of the roof.

Gohoodoo 護法堂 Goho-Do

These two buildings, Gohodou, with thatched roofs made of cypress bark, are dedicated to two deities,
Ototen 乙天 and Wakaten 若天.
They served Shoku as guards and guides.

source - more photos :　www3.ssj.gr.jp/himeji/sosa-es

The Benkei Study is facing Gohodo. It is said that Benkei had studied and trained at Mt. Shosha in his youth, and many legends and related objects remain.

Art and Craft Museum 美術工芸館
After spending a relaxing and calm time on Mt. Shosha, you are welcome at the “Shosha-no-sato Art and Craft Center” at the foot of the mountain. You will find artwork done by Kosho Shimizu who was born in Himeji and became the chief priest at the Todaiji Temple in Nara. You can observe or participate in making traditional Himeji crafts such as Himeji Hariko, Himeji goma, leather products and Himeyama dolls.
- source : sansenya.com/shosha.html



. Musashibo Benkei 武蔵坊弁慶 .

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Ototen　乙天 Bishamonten - Wakaten　若天 Fudo Myo-O


- source : hsuishin.exblog.jp

During the setsubun ritual.

The red oni. red-ogre is Wakaten, Fudo Myo-O.
The green oni, green-ogre is Ototen, Bishamonten.


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Oni no Hashi 鬼の箸 "Demon Chopsticks"



Distributing the Oni no Hashi 鬼の箸 "Demon Chopsticks"



【箸は箸として使うべし】　hashi wa hashi to shite tsukau beshi !



If you break them apart and cut them sharp to use as chopsticks, you will be healthy and your teeth be strong.
- source : hsuishin.exblog.jp


. Chopsticks (hashi, ohashi, o-hashi　お箸） .




Regional sake rice wine : Ototen and Wakaten 播州姫路の地酒「若天 / 乙天」
from Banshu / Harima　播磨


. Fudo Myoo-Oo 不動明王 Fudo Myo-O .

. Bishamon-Ten . 毘沙門天 .


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source more photos :　www.tokotabi.net/domestic


HP of the temple
- source : www.shosha.or.jp
annual festivals and rituals - LIST


sakura cherry blossom amulet made from boxwood



shojin ryori at Juryooin 塔頭 壽量院
“Shojin Dinner” with Shosha lacquer ware



source :　www.voluntary.jp/weblog

Shosha laquer ware - 書写山圓教寺に残された漆器文化「幻の書写塗」Shosha nuri - Urushi


. urushi 塗 Japanese laquer ware - introduction .


Shoshazan Engyō-ji (書寫山圓教寺)
- Reference -

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書写山の僧によそはれ松茸飯
shoshazan no soo no yosoware matsutakemeshi

offered by the priest
from mount Shoshazan
this pine mushroom rice

Oomae Sachiko 大前幸子 Omae Sachiko

. WKD : matsutake meshi, 松茸飯.
speciality from Hyogo prefecture

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書写山に来て金芒銀芒
shoshazan ni kite kin susuki gin susuki

to Mount Shoshazan
I come (and see) golden susuki grass
silver susuki grass

Yamada Someki 山田木染




source :　imoimochan1911


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. Japan - Shrines and Temples - ABC .


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Kesho Jizo

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Keshoo Jizoo 化粧地蔵 Kesho Jizo Bosatsu with make-up
Keshō Jizō

o-keshoo enmei Jizoo お化粧延命地蔵尊 Jizo to prolong life
o-shiroi Jizoo おしろい地蔵 "Jizo with white makeup"

. Banryuuji 蟠龍寺 Temple Banryu-Ji .
Tokyo, Meguro 東京都目黒区下目黒3－4－4

If you paint his face with white makeup and paint the rest on your own face, you will become beautiful.
A lot of Kabuki actors come here to pray.

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There is another Jizo with a white make-up face at temple Seigan-Ji 清巌寺
島根県松江市玉湯町玉造５３０ - Tottori





source :　yurihamatown.jugem.jp


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- CLICK for more photos !
お化粧地蔵 高野山、奥の院 From Mount Koyasan, Oku no In

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keshoo Jizo 御化粧延命地蔵尊 Jizo with make-up
o-shiroi Jizo おしろい地蔵



Once upon a time, a priest found a stone statue of Jizo in wind and rain, took pity on it, build a roof for it and painted it white. . . Shortly after a wart in the face of the priest disappeared and his skin became all beautiful and young.
When someone's wish is fulfilled, they often paint the whole body of the statue with white powder.

Gyokuhooji 玉鳳寺 Temple Gyokuho-Ji
東京都港区三田4-11-19 - Tokyo, Mita


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source :　kyo-otoko.blog.so-net.ne.jp

In Osaka, Jizo painted for the Jizo-Bon ritual.


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source :　shiomo.jp/archives/283

at temple Shorin-Ji 松林寺 in Miyagi, Shiogama Town
宮城県塩竈市　寒風沢


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source :　jp.geoview.info. . .

Saneyama, Ojiro, Kami Town 香美町小代区実山 - Hyogo


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source :　www.sukima.com/temp/miyadu
宮津市化粧地蔵群


Jizobon, Jizo Bon, Jizoo Bon 地蔵盆 Bon Festival with Jizo

Some people paint the face of Jizo in colors (keshoo Jizo　化粧地蔵) and give him new red bibs or coats.

Tsugaru Peninsula, Northern Japan 津軽化粧地蔵
Contests of the best painted Jizo are held in many communities.

. WKD : Jizobon, Jizo Bon, Jizoo Bon 地蔵盆 .


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. biyoo jisha 美容寺社 praying for beauty .


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kaisan temple founder

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kaisan 開山 temple founder

- quote
Kaisan (開山) is a Japanese term used in reference to the founder of a school of Buddhism or the founding abbot of a Zen monastery, literally meaning "mountain founder" or "to open a mountain." Ch'an monasteries of China and Japan have traditionally been built in mountainous regions, with the name of whatever mountain it has been built upon then fixed upon the monastery as well as the founding abbot.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !


- quote
A kaisandoo (開山堂, kaisan-dō), also termed the Founder's Hall,
is a temple structure in a Japanese Buddhist monastery complex or other temple where an image (or images) of the founding abbot and other significant teachers and Buddha ancestors are kept, along with a memorial slab (J. ihai). Sometimes also referred to as the Patriarch Hall (J. soshido) or Reflection Hall (J. Eishitsu), this building holds memorial services yearly on the anniversary of the death of the founding abbot.

The largest Founder's Hall in Japan is the Goei-dō (御影堂) in front of the Higashi Hongwanji (Hongan-ji) Temple in Kyoto, Japan, one of two head temples of the Jōdo Shinshū sect of Buddhism.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !




- source : www.myoshinji.or.jp
Myooshinji 妙心寺 Myoshin-Ji - Kyoto


mieidoo 御影堂 Miei-do "Honorable Shadow Hall", founder's hall
with the image of the originator
hall dedicated to the founder, "Reflection Hall"

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- quote
kaisandou　開山堂 kaisando
A hall that enshrines a statue, portrait or memorial tablet of the founder of a temple or the founder of a particular Buddhist sect to which the temple belongs. Frequently, the halls are 3x3 bays square but sizes vary. The word kaisan 開山 means founder.
There are other names for these halls depending on the sect and the time of establishment, but the usual term at Zen sect temples is kaisandou. Temples of Joudo 浄土 or Joudoshin 浄土真 sects, often call these halls *mieidou 御影堂 Miei-Do.
In the Shingon 真言 sect, the hall is called *daishidou 大師堂 Daishi-Do after the founder *Kuukai 空海 (774-835), who was posthumonsly given the name *Kobo Daishi 弘法大師 in 921. Other names used instead of kaisandou are *soshidou 祖師堂 Soshi-Do, meaning a hall dedicated to the founder of the sect, for example that at Manpukuji 萬福寺 (1669) in Kyoto, shidou 祀堂 Shi-Do and haidou 牌堂 Hai-Do. There was a great proliferation of founder's halls during the Kamakura period.
- source and more : JAANUS


Some temples are established by direct orders from an Emperor (chokugan-ji).
When an emperor decided to have a temple built with a certain vow to the deities, he usually entrusted a high priest with the effort to visit that region and supervise the construction.
The founder of a temple is called kaisan.
. Chokuganji 勅願寺 Chokugan-Ji, "Imperial Temple" .


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. Daitoku-ji Kaisan-Ki 大徳寺開山忌 .
Daitoo Ki 大燈忌（だいとうき）Priest Daito Memorial Day
kigo for late winter - 陰暦十二月二十二日



. Kennin-Ji Kaisan Ki 建仁寺開山忌 .
Eisai Zenji 栄西禅師　(1141-1215)
kigo for late summer


Myooshinji Kaisan Ki 妙心寺開山忌
Kanzan Ki 関山忌（かんざんき）、Musoo Ki 無相忌（むそうき）
Musoo Kokushi 無相大師
kigo for late winter - 陰暦の十二月十二日



. Tooeizan Kaisan Ki 東叡山開山忌 .
Jigen Daishi Ki 慈眼大師忌 - 天海（てんかい) (1536-1643)
kigo for early winter



Toofukuji Kaisan Ki 東福寺開山忌
Shoo-ichi ki 聖一忌, Kokushi ki 国師忌
kigo for early winter - 十一月十六日 - Temple Kofuku-Ji, Higashiyama, Kyoto



. Yugyoo-Ji Kaisan Ki 遊行寺開山忌 .
Saint Ippen (1234 – 1289) 一遍
kigo for spring


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寒月や開山堂の木の間より
kangetsu ya kaisandoo no ki no ma yori

this cold moon -
from among the trees
of the founder's hall

. Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 in Edo .

kangetsu 寒月（かんげつ）"moon in the cold", moon on a cold night
kigo for late winter


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source :　photozou.jp/photo/show/1910526
at temple Hoounji 法雲寺 Houn-Ji 大宝山 法雲禅寺(黄檗宗) Osaka


蜥蜴出づ開山堂の踏石に
tokage izu kaisandoo no fumi-ishi ni

a lizard comes out
to the stepping stones
of the Founder's Hall

Kashiwara Min-U 柏原眠雨

. tokage izu 蜥蜴出づ（とかげいづ） lizard coming out .
kigo for spring


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Konpuku-Ji

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Konpukuji, Konbukuji 金福寺 / 金福寺 temple Konpuku-Ji
京都府京都市左京区一乗寺才形町 Saikata Village, Kyoto
Ichijoji is a district in Sakyo ward of Kyoto, with many famous buildings.


Ichijoo-Ji Konbuku-Ji 一乗寺金福寺 Ichijo-Ji
a Zen temple famous through Basho, Buson and Kyoshi.


- quote
Konpukuji temple is one of the most important historic site for Haiku enthusiasts.
A number of travellers visit this holy site of Haiku, a Japanese style poetry, annually around the world.

Historical back ground
In 864, An’e (An'ne 、安恵 / 安慧) , a monk, built Konpukuji, due to his master, Ennin’s dying wish. The temple was originally called Ryugean.

Tesshu 鉄舟, a Japanese monk, restored Konpukuji in the mid 18th century. It belongs to Nanzenji temple, a Rinzai sect of Zen Buddhism. Matsuo Basho, a renowned Japanese Haiku master, frequently visited the temple and had enjoyed an intellectual and cultural exchanges with Tesshu.

Since Basho stayed at the thatched hat in the east side in the back of the garden, the place has been called Basho Hermitage (Basho-an).
The temple was then ruined later.
Yosa Buson, a renowned Japanese poet and Haiku master, restored the temple in 1776. Now it hosts a famous tea room.




After passing through a gate and turning to the left, visitors receive a spectacular view. Pass through a dry landscape garden on the left and a building. With a wonder and an expectation, take steps towards the hut by looking a dry landscape garden and a building on the left.

Green moss delicately cover a ground under the round topiaries. A sazanqua tree gorgeously fills up itself with blooming white flowers on the left under the hut. On May, azaleas put pinkish flowers on the topiaries.

The hut keeps a peaceful surroundings, sitting on hilltop, overlooking the city. Take a seat in the hut. Immerse yourself to be surrounded by beautifully tinged foliages with red, orange and yellow. Listen to the sounds of tossing foliages and feel milder lights under trees, forgetting about time.
- - source : Akiko Morita



Tesshu (円光寺の鉄舟和尚) was a good friend of Matsuo Basho.
Basho visited him frequently when he stayed in Kyoto.
Tesshu named an old hermitage in the compound after him, another Basho-An 芭蕉庵, which now has a beautiful curved thatched roof and a small tea room.


source :　sadou bunka kenkyukai

For the tea ceremony and haikai meetings with Yosa Buson, there were always just a few good friends invited, like Takai Kito 几董, 道立 and Hyakuchi 百池.

Teramura Hyakuchi 寺村百池 (1748 - 1836)
a great sponsor of Buson, who lived to the ripe age of 88. He had a silk and cloth store 糸物 in Kyoto, the Sakai-Ya 堺屋. His haikai name was Dairaidoo 大来堂 Dairaido.
Dairaido studied haikai with Buson, painting with Maruyama Ookyo 円山応挙 (1733 - 1795) and the tea ceremony with the 6th master of the Yabunouchi school 薮内流六代比老斎紹智

Read more about Hyakuchi by Crowley :
source : books.google.co.jp

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Yosa Buson about Konpuku-Ji

化けそうな傘借す寺の時雨かな
. bakesoo na kasa kasu tera no shigure kana .

winter drizzle -
at the temple I borrow an old umbrella
looking almost like a ghost
Tr. Gabi Greve



. The grave of Yoshiwake Tairo 吉分大魯 . - disciple of Buson


. The gave of Aoki Getto 青木月斗 .

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Bookmark with a haiku by Basho, Buson and Kyoshi - しおり 金福寺 芭蕉 蕪村 虚子


Matsuo Basho

うき我をさびしがらせよ閑古鳥 / 憂き我をさびしがらせよ閑古鳥
uki ware o sabishigarase yo kankodori / ukiware o

. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .


Yosa Buson

耳目肺腸ここに玉まく芭蕉庵
jimoku haichoo koko ni tama maku bashoo-an

jimoku haichoo 耳目肺腸 - ears, eyes, lungs, intestines - body and mind, the true self


Takahama Kyoshi

徂く春や京を一目の墓どころ
yuku haru ya kyoo o ichimoku no haka-dokoro

This is best graveyard in Kyoto.



The grave of Yosa Buson at Temple Konpuku-Ji.
next to him is his disciple Emori Gekkyo 江森月居 (1756 - 1824).


- Buson wrote the following haiku at this temple :

鹿ながら山影門に入日哉
. shika nagara yamakage mon ni irihi kana .


耳目肺腸ここに玉巻く芭蕉庵 ji moku hai choo
三度啼きて聞こえずなりぬ鹿の声 mitabi
畑うつやうごかぬ雲もなくなりぬ hata utsu ya
冬ちかし時雨の雲もここよりぞ fuyu chikashi
我も死して碑にほとりせむ枯尾花 ware mo shi shite


- quote -
Buson at Basho-an



(the following haiku are given in translation by Dougill san:)
ji moku hai chou koko ni tama maku Basho-an
mitabi nakite kikoezunari nu shika no koe
shika nagara saneimon ni iru hi kana
hata utsuya ugokanu kumo mo naku nari nu
fuyu chikashi shigure no kumo mo koko yori zo
ware mo shi shite hi ni hotorisemu kareobana
- source : Dougill John -


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doomori 堂守 hall warden, temple watchman

This can be a temple hall or a shrine hall.


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堂守の植ゑわすれたる糸瓜かな
doomori no ue-wasuretaru hechima kana

the temple warden
forgot to plant this
sponge gourds . . .
Tr. Gabi Greve



堂守の小草ながめつ夏の月
堂守の小草（おぐさ）ながめつ夏の月
doomori no ogusa nagametsu natsu no tsuki

the temple warden
stares at the weeds -
summer moon

ogusa, kogusa 小草 lit. "small plants", small grasses which do not grow tall.

Buson on the 6th day of the 5th lunar month 五月六日
with 大来堂 Dairaido at temple 金福寺 Konpuku-Ji.


the first draft was

殿守のそこらを行くや夏の月
doomori no sokora o yuku ya natsu no tsuki


. Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 in Edo .


. WKD : hechima nae 糸瓜苗 seedlings of the sponge gourd .
sowing sponge gourds, hechima maku 糸瓜蒔く
- kigo for summer


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. Shisendoo 詩仙堂 Shisen-do - 丈山寺 Jozan-ji .
京都府京都市左京区一乗寺門口　- at Ichiji-Ji, Kyoto


Another famous temple in Ichij-Ji of Kyoto
. 一乗寺狸谷山不動院 .
京都府京都市左京区一乗寺松原町６ - Matsubara Village 6


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soohei monk warrior

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soohei, sōhei 僧兵 monk-warrior, monk-soldier
shuuto 衆徒 Shuto




One of the most famous tsuwamono (Hercules) is maybe super-strong Musashibo Benkei 武蔵坊弁慶, the monk-soldier who accompanied Yoshitsune during his whole life.

. Musashibo Benkei 武蔵坊弁慶 .


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- quote
Sōhei (僧兵, lit. "monk warriors";, fighting monks)
were Buddhist warrior monks of feudal Japan. At certain points of history they held considerable power, obliging the imperial and military governments to collaborate.

The prominence of the sōhei rose in parallel with the ascendancy of the Tendai school's influence between the 10th and 17th centuries. The warriors protected land and intimidated rival schools of Buddhism, becoming a significant factor in the spread of Buddhism and the development of different schools during the Kamakura period.

They were similar to the mountain ascetic yamabushi warrior monks, but unlike the solitary yamabushi, sōhei generally organized into large armies or mobs. A famous monastery is the Enryaku-ji on Mount Hiei, just outside Kyoto.

The sōhei shared many similarities with the Western lay brothers, members of a monastic order who might not have been ordained. Much like warrior monks of Germany , or other religious orders, such as those involved in the Crusades, sōhei did not operate as individuals, or even as members of small, individual temples, but rather as warriors in a large extended brotherhood or monastic order. The 'home temple' of a sōhei monastic order might have had several, if not tens or a hundred, smaller monasteries, training halls, and subordinate temples.


- Benkei and Yoshitsune

Weapons and dress
Sōhei were quite varied in their armament. The naginata is the weapon most often associated with them, though in legend as well as history many warrior monks are known to have been proficient with everything from bow and arrow to tantō and wakizashi (dagger and shortsword). Many fought on horseback, and many with the Ō-yoroi armor of the samurai.

Warrior monks, like most other Buddhist monks of related sects, wore a series of kimono-like robes over one another, usually white underneath, and tan or saffron yellow on top; this style has changed very little since the introduction of Buddhism to Japan in the 7th century. Footwear traditionally consisted of tabi socks and geta (wooden clogs), or waraji straw sandals. Warrior monks would often fold and tie the white headcowl to cover more of their head, or would substitute a hachimaki headband. Finally, many warrior monks would wear some form of samurai armor.

The sōhei employed a variety of weapons. The obi, or belt, of the kimono would often be supplemented with a heavier sash, so a sword could be slung from it. The tachi style of sword was probably the most common, though many monks may have carried tantō as well. Many monks were also accomplished archers, and used bamboo-and-rattan bows, called daikyū, with bamboo arrows. The most traditional weapon of the monk, however, was the naginata, a weapon much like the European glaive or halberd. The sōhei were also trained to use the heavy kanabō, which was a large staff or club forged of solid iron. Although deadly, this weapon was generally used to defeat an opponent without bloodshed.

The Ikkō-ikki monks of the 16th century, due largely to their origins as countryside mobs, were far more varied in their armor and armament. Many wore the more traditional monk robes, with varying degrees and types of armor. Many wore various sorts of helmets, while many others opted for the straw hat and cloak of a peasant. Naginata remained very common, along with a variety of swords and daggers, and a limited number of arquebuses (with the Saika Ikki being a notable exception, as they are mainly composed of musketeers and gunsmiths as per Saika Magoichi's standard of having an all-musketeer army). Finally, while not truly armor nor armament, a very common item wielded by the mobs of Ikkō-ikki monk warriors was a banner with a Buddhist slogan written upon it. One of the more common slogans was the chant 'Hail to the Amida Buddha!' (Namu Amida Butsu).
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !






. naginata 薙刀 / 長刀 / 眉尖刀 Japanese halberd .


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- quote -
sohei - warrior monks
The famous warrior monks, or Sohei, of Mt. Hiei came about, it would seem, in an unexpected way.
From its earliest times, the 延暦寺 Enryakuji was held to be off limits to both women and law enforcement bodies. The latter prohibition attracted such a large criminal element to Mt. Hiei that Kakûjin (1012-81), the 35th abbot of the Enryakuji, called for his followers to form an army and drive away the undesirables. In fact, many of the men who took up arms may well have been those very same unwelcome fugitives they were intended to fight. From this time forward, Mt. Hiei would maintain a martial arm, one that it rarely hesitated to use. One frequent victim of the Enryakuji's heavy-handed tactics was none other then the emperor himself. As emperor Shirakawa is alleged to have said, "There are three things that even I cannot control: the waters of the Kamo river, the roll of the dice, and the monks of the mountain."
When the monks of Mt. Hiei found themselves at odds with court over some affair (perhaps a question of land rights or taxation), they would gather and march down at to the gates of Kyoto, bearing on their shoulders the sacred palanquin (mikoshi) of the Shinto deity Sanno. So revered was this artifact that no one dared block its passage and much more often then not the emperor would give in to the monk's demands. The warrior monks of the Enryakuji would continue to play an important role in the Kyoto area for hundreds of years, until the advent of Oda Nobunaga.
While evidently not the first monastic complex to take on a military aspect, the Enryakuji's reputation was great indeed.
. The Heian Period - Court and Clan - F.W.Seal .

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寒月や衆徒の群議の過ぎて後
kangetsu ya shuuto no gungi no sugite nochi

this cold moon -
after the monk-soldiers left
the war meeting

. Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 in Edo .


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source :　iso4z.cocolog-nifty.com


僧兵の古寺を奈落に樹氷咲く
soohei no koji o naraku ni juhyoo saku

turning the old temple
of the monk-soldiers into hell -
ice blossoms on trees

Kimura Kohitsuji 木村仔羊


. naraku ならく / 奈落 hell, hades .


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僧兵の裔は美男よ竹伐会
soohei no ei wa binan yo takekiri-e

the descendants
of monk-soldiers are so handsome -
cutting bamboo ritual

Hama Akifumi 浜明史


- On June 20 at temple Kuramadera, Kyoto　鞍馬寺.
Four bamboo poles in front of the main temple hall are cut by two groups of people clad in formal robes, the east and west group. They use special woodman's hatchets (山刀) and fight for speed. The group which finishes first will be used to divine the harvest of the coming autumn.

. Kurama no take kiri eshiki 鞍馬の竹伐会式 cutting bamboo at Kurama .


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僧兵の夢を育てた谷に雪
soohei no yume o sodateta tani ni yuki

in the valley
that nurtured dreams of monk-soliers
now is snow . . .

Makita Shootaroo 牧田正太郎 Makita Shotaro



The temple Daisen-Ji 大山寺　at Mount Daisen in Tottori was famous for its soldier-monks.
It gets a heavy load of snow every winter.


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naraku hell

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naraku ならく / 奈落 hell, hades
sanskrit : naraka, niraya


. Diyu 地狱 (Jap. jigoku) (Sanskrit: नरक "Naraka") .
is the realm of the dead or "hell" in Chinese mythology.


- quote
Naraka (Sanskrit: नरक) or Niraya (Pāli: निरय) is a term in Buddhist cosmology usually referred to in English as "hell", "hell realm", or "purgatory". The Narakas of Buddhism are closely related to diyu, the hell in Chinese mythology. A Naraka differs from the hells of Abrahamic religions in two respects: firstly, beings are not sent to Naraka as the result of a divine judgment and punishment; secondly, the length of a being's stay in a Naraka is not eternal, though it is usually very long.

A being is born into a Naraka as a direct result of his or her accumulated karma and resides there for a finite period of time until that karma has achieved its full result. After his or her karma is used up, he or she will be reborn in one of the higher worlds as the result of karma that had not yet ripened.

In the Devaduta Sutta, the 130th discourse of Majjhima Nikaya, the Buddha teaches about hell in vivid detail.

Physically, Narakas are thought of as a series of cavernous layers which extend below Jambudvīpa (the ordinary human world) into the earth. There are several schemes for enumerating these Narakas and describing their torments. The Abhidharma-kosa (Treasure House of Higher Knowledge) is the root text that describes the most common scheme, the Eight Cold Narakas and Eight Hot Narakas.

- - - - - Cold Narakas
Arbuda (頞部陀), the "blister" Naraka, is a dark, frozen plain surrounded by icy mountains and continually swept by blizzards. Inhabitants of this world arise fully grown and abide lifelong naked and alone, while the cold raises blisters upon their bodies. The length of life in this Naraka is said to be the time it would take to empty a barrel of sesame seed if one only took out a single seed every hundred years.

Nirarbuda (刺部陀), the "burst blister" Naraka, is Naraka is even colder than Arbuda. There, the blisters burst open, leaving the beings' bodies covered with frozen blood and pus.

Aṭaṭa (頞听陀) is the "shivering" Naraka. There, beings shiver in the cold, making an aṭ-aṭ-aṭ sound with their mouths.

Hahava (臛臛婆) is the "lamentation" Naraka. There, the beings lament in the cold, going haa, haa in pain.

Huhuva (虎々婆), the "chattering teeth" Naraka, is where beings shiver as their teeth chatter, making the sound hu, hu.

Utpala (嗢鉢羅) is the "blue lotus" Naraka. The intense cold there makes the skin turn blue like the colour of an utpala waterlily.

Padma (鉢特摩), the "lotus" Naraka, has blizzards that cracks open frozen skin, leaving one raw and bloody.

Mahāpadma (摩訶鉢特摩) is the "great lotus" Naraka. The entire body cracks into pieces and the internal organs are exposed to the cold, also cracking.


- - - - - Hot Narakas
Sañjīva, the "reviving" Naraka, has ground made of hot iron heated by an immense fire. Beings in this Naraka appear fully grown, already in a state of fear and misery. As soon as the being begins to fear being harmed by others, their fellows appear and attack each other with iron claws and hell guards appear and attack the being with fiery weapons. As soon as the being experiences an unconsciousness like death, they are suddenly restored to full health and the attacks begin again. Other tortures experienced in this Naraka include having molten metal dropped upon them, being sliced into pieces, and suffering from the heat of the iron ground. Life in this Naraka is 1.62×1012 years long. It is said to be 1000 yojanas beneath Jambudvīpa and 10,000 yojanas in each direction (a yojana being 7 miles, or 11 kilometres).

Kālasūtra, the "black thread" Naraka, includes the torments of Sañjīva. In addition, black lines are drawn upon the body, which hell guards use as guides to cut the beings with fiery saws and sharp axes.Life in this Naraka is 1.296×1013 years long.

Saṃghāta, the "crushing" Naraka, is surrounded by huge masses of rock that smash together and crush the beings to a bloody jelly. When the rocks move apart again, life is restored to the being and the process starts again.Life in this Naraka is 1.0368×1014 years long.

Raurava, the "screaming" Naraka, is where beings run wildly about, looking for refuge from the burning ground. When they find an apparent shelter, they are locked inside it as it blazes around them, while they scream inside. Life in this Naraka is 8.2944×1014 years long.

Mahāraurava, the "great screaming" Naraka, is similar to Raurava.Punishment in here are for people who maintain their own body by hurting others. In this hell, ruru animals known as kravyāda torment them and eat their flesh. Life in this Naraka is 6.63552×1015 years long.

Tapana is the "heating" Naraka, where hell guards impale beings on a fiery spear until flames issue from their noses and mouths.Life in this Naraka is 5.308416×1016 years long.

Pratāpana, the "great heating" Naraka. The tortures here are similar to the Tapana Naraka, but the beings are pierced more bloodily with a trident.Life in this Naraka is 4.2467328×1017 years long. It is also said to last for the length of half an antarakalpa.

Avīci, is the "uninterrupted" Naraka. Beings are roasted in an immense blazing oven with terrible suffering. Life in this Naraka is 3.39738624×1018 years long. It is also said to last for the length of an antarakalpa.

Some sources describe five hundred or even hundreds of thousands of different Narakas.
MORE
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !



. Hachi Netsu Jigoku 八熱地獄 Eight Hot Hells .


. Hachi Kan Jigoku　八寒地獄　Eight Cold Hells .


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僧兵の古寺を奈落に樹氷咲く
soohei no koji o naraku ni juhyoo saku

turning the old temple
of the monk-soldiers into hell -
rime blossoms on trees

Kimura Kohitsuji 木村仔羊




There were many temples where the monks functioned as soldiers too.
Even nowadays there are festivals in their honor.


. soohei, sōhei 僧兵 monk-warrior, monk-soldier .

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あさがほや奈落のふちのやはらかく
asagao ya naraku no fuchi no yawarakaku

morning glories -
the softness of the edge
of hell
Tr. Gabi Greve

Masaki Yuuko 正木ゆう子 Masaki Yuko
(1952 - ) from Kumamoto

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桜散る山車の奈落の昼の闇
伊藤いと子

辻廻す山車の奈落を人知らず
出島かず江

腕もがれ鬼は奈落へ嵯峨念仏
鈴木妙子

堪へたりし金神奈落寒明けぬ
稲垣きくの

逆縁の奈落を鳴けり青葉木菟
神戸周子

散り紅葉奈落しずめる祇王の地
千曲山人

倶利伽羅の奈落へ落葉急ぐ木々
入村玲子

工事場の奈落に落葉舞ひつづけ
鈴木貞雄

水暮れて奈落のごとし朴落葉
渡辺古鏡

きらめきつ奈落へ飛べる木の葉かな
西村和子


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. Jigoku Bosatsu 地獄菩薩 "Bosatsu of Hell" .
- - - - - Namu Jigoku Daibosatsu 南無地獄大菩薩, Jizoo Bosatsu　地蔵菩薩

. jigokudoo 地獄道（じごくどう）The World of Hell .

. Jigoku no Baba 地獄の婆., Datsueba 奪衣婆 or 脱衣婆 the Old Hag of Hell .

. jigokuyaki, jigoku yaki 地獄焼 grilling seafood alive - "Hellish grilling" . 　


. Juu Oo, Jū-ō 十王, Juo, Ju-O - 10 Ten Kings of Hell, Ten Yama Kings .


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Shangri-La Arcadia

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shanguri ra シャングリラ Shangri-La
toogenkyoo, tôgenkyô 桃源郷 Arcadia / toogen 桃源 fairyland, Arcadia, Eden



source :　pref.wakayama.lg.jp

桃源郷 lit. Peach Blossom Valley - this one is in Wakayama, Japan


Shangri-La
is a fictional place described in the 1933 novel Lost Horizon by British author James Hilton. Hilton describes Shangri-La as a mystical, harmonious valley, gently guided from a lamasery, enclosed in the western end of the Kunlun Mountains. Shangri-La has become synonymous with any earthly paradise, and particularly a mythical Himalayan utopia — a permanently happy land, isolated from the outside world. In the novel Lost Horizon, the people who live at Shangri-La are almost immortal, living years beyond the normal lifespan and only very slowly aging in appearance.

The word also evokes the imagery of exoticism of the Orient. In the ancient Tibetan scriptures, existence of seven such places is mentioned as Nghe-Beyul Khimpalung. Khembalung is one of several beyuls ("hidden lands" similar to Shangri-La) believed to have been created by Padmasambhava in the 8th century as idyllic, sacred places of refuge for Buddhists during times of strife (Reinhard 1978).

In China, the poet Tao Yuanming (陶淵明) of the Jin Dynasty (265–420) described a kind of Shangri-La in his work The Tale of the Peach Blossom Spring (simplified Chinese: 桃花源记; traditional Chinese: 桃花源記; pinyin: Táohuā Yuán Jì). The story goes that there was a fisherman from Wuling, who came across a beautiful peach grove, and he discovered happy and content people that lived completely cut off from the troubles in the outside world since the Qin Dynasty (221–207 BCE).
In modern China, the Zhongdian county was renamed to Xiānggélǐlā (香格里拉, Shangri-La in Chinese) in 2001, to attract tourists. The legendary Kun Lun Mountains (崑崙山) offer another possible place for the Shangri-La valleys.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !


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source :　saiba-jijii


冠雪やここ桃源と申さるる
kansetsu ya koko toogen to moosaruru

snow on the mountain tops -
this is just the place to call
Shangri-La


. WKD : Uda Kiyoko 宇多 喜代子 .


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パイナップル桃源郷の匂ひかな　
painappuru toogenkyoo no nioi kana

this pineapple -
it smells just like
Arcadia

Deguchi Itten 出口一点


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桃の實の桃源を出て流れけり
Masaoka Shiki 正岡子規

にせ窓に桃の日そんな桃源境
加藤郁乎


古屏風破れしあたりに桃源郷
飯島士朗

春や春蕪村の武陵桃源圖
高澤良一


桃源の路次の細さよ冬ごもり
與謝蕪村

桃源郷の帰車やますます
中村草田男

霞みゐて桃源郷はどの辺り
大井戸 辿

鴨飛ぶや鴨の桃源境抜けて
百合山羽公


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